LAMUNAN SEPI

Saat ini sangat sepi
Hanya terdengar suara gemericik air 
Sesaat aku berfirkir dunia ini terlalu sempit untukku
Hayalan yang muncul
Hanya raut wajah nya
Bayangan indah itu selalu terlintas dalambenak
Ya Tuhan apakah ini yang ku rasa??
Coretan demi coretan bertambah berantakan
Gelas yang berlumuran cairan kopi pun berserakan,
dan aku masih saja terdiam, hanya terdiam di sudut ruang
Tak ada cahaya yang masuk dan tak ada kilauan mutiara 
Seperti di sebuah istana megah,.
Sampai kapan ini terus mengulir waktu - waktuku??
Entahlah,. tak tau untuk membayangkan lebih jauh lagi.

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Culture Sekaten Jogja

ORIGINS SEKATEN

Sekaten taken from the pronunciation of the word phrase "Creed". Creed term, which is pronounced as Syahadatain is then gradually change in the pronunciation, so it becomes Syakatain and eventually became the term "Sekaten" until now.At the early stages of development of Islam in Java, one of the Wali Songo, the Sunan Kalijogo, Javanese gamelan musical instrument use, as a means to lure the public to come to enjoy the performances karawitannya. 2 was used for the purpose of the gamelan, which has a barrel that is a melodious swara Nogowilogo Kyai and Kyai Gunturmadu.On 5 months Maulud, both devices gamelan, Kyai Kyai Guntur Nogowilogo and honey, removed from its storage place dibangsal Sri Manganti, to the Ward Ponconiti Kemandungan located in the North (Keben) and in the afternoon start is sounded in this place. Between 23:00 until 24.00 for two sets of gamelan is transferred first page Mosque Jogjakarta, in a procession of courtiers parallelogram, with the palace guard of soldiers in full uniform.
TOP EVENTS

The highlight of the celebration Sekaten is "Grebeg birthday", namely the release of a pair of mountains of the Great Mosque after prayers by the clergy Palace. People believe that anyone who gets these mountains, although little will be blessed with happiness and prosperity. Then the cone is contested by thousands of citizens. They believe that with a share of the cone will bring blessings to them.In general, Yogyakarta and the surrounding community by participating believes that celebrating the birthday of Prophet Muhammad SAW is concerned will be rewarded reward from the Almighty, and was awarded the young. As "Srono" (condition) it, they must chew betel mosque in the courtyard, especially on the first day of the commencement celebration sekaten.Therefore, during the celebration held sekaten, many people selling betel leaves with concoctions, along with savory rice dish in the yard-pauknya Kemandungan, in North Square and in front of the Great Mosque of Jogja. For farmers, the opportunity is also pleading for the coming crops successfully.

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Kris meaning in Javanese Culture

Keris is a type of weapon used short-Malay nationalism since more than 600 years ago. This weapon is unique in the world can be found in the Malay and Malay population of the region such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, southern Thailand, southern Philippines (Mindanao), and Brunei.
Kris is used to defend yourself (for example, when strive) and as a means of greatness kings. This weapon is also a symbol of the sovereignty of the Malays. The most famous keris Taming Sari keris is a weapon that Hang Tuah, a Malay hero of the famous.
Kris comes from the islands of Java and ancient dagger has been used between the 9th century and the 14th century. This weapon Courant terbahagi to three, namely the eyes, upper and gloves. Keris is often associated with mystical power by the Malays in ancient times. Among others, there is a belief that bahawa dagger has its own spirit.
According to the practice of traditional Malay kris needs to be maintained by diperasapkan at certain times, eg Friday night. There are also deeds mengasamlimaukan keris as a way to keep the metal dagger and also to increase the venom. There is a saying that states: "The award depends on a person because of fashion." Perhaps the saying was born out of view of a psychologist who based on neatness, cleanliness of the clothing worn one that shows the character or characters that exist in people itu.Di Central Java community in general to a specific event, such as the marriage ceremony, were the men should jangkep dressed Jawi (Javanese costume complete).
And obligations that must be adhered to mainly by the groom, which must use / wear the wedding dress berkain Javanese batik style, wedding dress, headgear (kuluk) and also a keris tucked at the waist. Why should kris? Because Kris was by the community in Java is represented as a symbol of "manliness." And if for some reason sometimes the bridegroom was unable to attend the meeting wedding ceremony, it represented a keris. Keris is a symbol of heritage.
This view is actually originated from the Javanese people's confidence first, that the beginning of the existence of beings on earth or in the world comes from an agrarian philosophy, that of merging elements of men with female elements. In this world, Allah, created the creature in two kinds of sex ie men and women, whether human, animal or plant. The belief in agrarian philosophy is very basic at the Palace of the family environment in Java, such as the Palace Kasunanan Surakarta, Yogyakarta Sultanate, and others. Beliefs of Hinduism's first ever embraced by the community in Java. Then came the belief of the father sky and mother earth / Earth. Which is also close to the confidence in the Java community agrarian philosophy embodied in the form of ceremonial procession on the eve of heritage
a Sura in the Javanese calendar with heirloom seed mengkirabkan Palace consisting of sharp weapons: spears heirloom, a large knife (bendho). The procession pengirab seed heirloom weapons walking around the complex of palaces palaces while focusing the mind, feelings, praise and plead with the Creator of the universe, to obtain protection, happiness, prosperity and spiritual.
The main function of the first heirloom weapon is a tool to defend themselves from enemy attacks, and animals or to kill the enemy. But then a function of sharp weapons such as daggers or spears heirloom heirloom that changed. In peacetime, sometimes people
using a dagger only as a complete outfit of greatness when meeting wedding ceremony. Kris was then decorated with diamonds or diamond on the base of the upstream dagger. Even the sheath is made of sculpted metal in such a beautiful, sparkling gold-plated sebagaikebanggaan wearer. Then, inevitably dagger into a highly valuable commodity business.
Tosan Aji or heirloom weapon that is not only typical Javanese kris and spear only, but almost all regions in Indonesia have a sharp weapon flagship heritage, such as rencong in Aceh, the dagger in Makasar, swords, spears tipped tig (trident), Balinese keris, and other so on.
When Sultan Agung attacked the Duchy of starch with a degree Nglayang Garudha war, Supit Urang, Wukir Jaladri, or Dirada Meta title, the soldiers who accompanied the use of spear guns, whose face was carved images kalacakra. Keris or spear an heirloom seed heirloom that its value not only because it is made of steel elements, iron, nickel, even mixed with elements of rock that fell from the sky meteoroids so sturdy strong, but how to make it along to the accompaniment of a prayer to the Creator of Nature (Allah SWT) with an attempt by the spiritual master. So the spiritual power of the Creator of Nature is also believed to be the magical power or prestige that contain may affect the opponent into a weapon of fear to the wearer's heritage. Once there was an opinion based on scientific tests of the keris and keris was stated that the issue of energy / power of invisible (invisible to the naked eye). What is interesting is the heart dagger used to complete a typical Javanese fashion groom. Kris was decorated with garlands of jasmine roses are worn around the upper rod dagger. Apparently it's not just a decoration, but has meaning to remind people not to have a violent temper, emotional, angry, adigang-adigung-Adiguna, arbitrary and want to own the winning of such character Harya Penangsang.
Relation to Harya Penangsang is currently fighting Harya Penangsang Sutawijaya, because Penangsang angry, emotional, could not help myself, belly pierced by a spear Kyai Plered dihujamkan by Sutawijaya. Intestines torn out of his stomach. In a state full of vindictive anger that has been in pain Penangsang draping it into the upper intestines dagger at his waist. He continued to attack his enemies. At one point Penangsang would stab his opponent with a dagger Kyai Satan Kober at the waist, so unsheathed dagger, dagger eyes gut interrupted by inheritance. Penangsang died in the devastating war that claimed many victims. That's the idea of ​​the event with a decorative dagger bridal roses and jasmine garlands.
Tosan aji or heirloom weapons such as spears, dagger and others that can cause a sense of tremendous courage to the owner or carrier. People refer to it as piyandel, confidence booster, even keris or spear inheritance given by the King of the nobleman's palace compound containing the confidence of the King of the leading nobles. But when the king's confidence was undermined by the bad behavior of the duke who was given the kris, the keris that provision will be withdrawn / requested again by the king.
Dagger with sheath relations in particular by the Java community as defined by the philosophy of intimate relationships, living together to achieve harmony in the world. Thus was born the philosophy of "servant manunggaling - Gusti", union of man with his king, united with the Creator perfect man, united with the leaders of the people, so life is always secure peace, peaceful, happy, healthy and prosperous. In addition to mutual respect for one another with each one also should know better than to work in accordance with the portions and their respective functions correctly. However, the deep meaning of tosan aji as works of art of national culture that contains the various aspects in the life of the Java community in general, progress is now threatened because of its cultural aspects of technology as a friend rather than less desirable aspects of the legend and magical.
From Age to Age masters
Two masters of the meaning of the term, can mean the first such honor as the professor or the professor Panuluh Sedah. The second meaning is the 'Expert' in the making 'Keris'. On this occasion, the professor that we're talking about is someone who is expert in making kris. With tercatatatnya various names 'keris' there must have been made. First of all there is to know the stage times terlahirnya 'keris' it, then examine the materials keris and keris-making system characteristics. Science for the sake of it called 'Tough'. With a strong science, we can recognize the names of the master and his work in the form of keyed-keyed keris, swords, spears, and others. The age distribution of the stages are as follows:
A. Ancient (Budho) in 125 AD - 1125 AD
include the kingdoms: Purwacarita, Medang Siwanda, Medang Kamulan, writing, Gilingwesi, Mamenang, grinders Wiraradya, Kahuripan and Kediri.
2. Madyo Ancient (Ancient Middle) in 1126 AD - 1250 AD
Covering the kingdoms: Jenggala, Kediri, Pajajaran and Cirebon.
3. Middle elderly (Old Middle Ages) in 1251 AD - 1459 AD
Includes royals: Jenggala, Kediri, Tuban, Madura, Majapahit and Blambangan.
4. Middle (Mid) in 1460 AD - 1613 AD
Includes royals: Demak, Pajang, Madison, and Mataram
5. Nom (Young) in 1614 AD To date
Includes royals: Kartasura and Surakarta.
We have put forward the time of the Kingdom of the stages that have a direct relationship with the stage of the keris time, so at any time of the kingdom would be some people whose job is to create a grandparent dagger.
Kerisses creation master it every era has its own unique characteristics. So that the enumerators were not confused heirloom. Characteristic lies in terms of working on and the quality of the iron. Quality of iron is the most prominent characteristic, according to the level of iron treatment system at the time, also the use of 'prestige' that has stages as well. Prestige of the material originally used stones 'meteor or meteorite' which was destroyed by pounding it up like flour and then we recognize a kind of iron titanium white color like silver, titanium metal is also used as an ingredient of prestige. Titanium has a strong character and can not rust, so nice
for prestige materials. In accordance with its origin at the fame is called Prambanan Prambanan prestige. Prambanan dagger with it is certain that the prestige of the keris is included bertangguh Nom. Because of the prestige of discovery material at the time of Prambanan Kartasura Mataram kingdom (1680-1744).

Keris World Recognized
After the puppet in 2003, now turn the keris Indonesia is recognized as one of the world's cultural heritage must be preserved. Recognition of UNESCO in Paris 25 November 2005 was certainly a splash of fresh news in the midst of adversity Indonesia paced lately.
Kris, as well as Kabuki theater of Japan, traditionally India-Ramlila stage which presents the epic Ramayana, Samba from Brazil, from Malay Mak Yong, "Still alive and lived, the tradition continues. Unlike the samurai in Japanese culture that is now dead, "said Director General of Education, Science, and Culture of the United Nations (UNESCO) Koichiro Matsuura, met Compass last week, shortly after UNESCO was presented certificates of recognition to the Vice President Jusuf Kalla in Jakarta.
Actually there are 64 cultural heritage of the proposed countries to be recognized as world heritage by UNESCO this year. However, after going through the judgment of the jury that convened on 20 to 24 November 2005, Princess Basma bint Talal, chairman of the Jordan, only 43 are recognized as an oral cultural heritage and human nonbendawi (intangible cultural heritage of humanity). While masterpiece (masterpieces) which UNESCO recognized in 2001 and 2003, including puppets, number 47. Thus, a total masterpiece that is recognized world cultural heritage 90. "Proclamation for the third time this is the last possibility. The Convention will begin immediately as soon as 30 countries have approved the instruments of ratification and, as he had done 26 previous state, "said Matsuura. Hundreds of thousands of dollars per year is expected to flow in order to preserve the keris Indonesia and also puppet.
"Through this UNESCO award momentum we should reorganize the views of the dagger," said Ir Haryono Haryoguritno, dagger expert who led the research team and field libraries also a discussion over a year since August 2004.

Kris report
Having visited the keris community in Central Java, East Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok, which assisted Waluyo Haryono Wijayatno of fan clubs and citizens Damartaji keris Indonesia from Australia, Gaura Mancacaritadipura, summarized it in a thick report to UNESCO. Also handed over the keris culture film that lasted 10 minutes and 120 minutes. If during this time many print and electronic media often expose "slanted views" associated with poor mystical keris (the patron-patron shamanism), then according to Haryono, Indonesia should now also aware of how the world turned out to appreciate the cultural heritage of the ancestors some opportunities are often excluded by the Indonesian people themselves. "Kris, have often been described in (patron-patron) television, fly, or shining, and closely with the world of shamans," said Waluyo. Or layman, who always connects with the master figure Gandring and dagger tale Ken Arok, who kills with dagger pembikinnya masters ordered. Condemn the master, unfinished real dagger made it will take seven generations of victims, including Ken Arok himself. Kris been seen close to the world of shamanism, while the neighboring country, Singapore, in fact had already been taking pride in their identity as a dagger. Country airlines, Singapore Airlines, Kris Lounge wearing a VIP lounge for passengers at the airport. Or KrisFlyer, a service for those who frequently use the services of the airline. KrisMagazine for their magazines, and selling souvenirs KrisShop for their service on the plane.

Great Work
UNESCO looked keris has tremendous value as a masterpiece of human creation. Besides rooted in cultural traditions and history of the people of Indonesia, the kris is also still serves as the national identity, cultural inspiration, and social role in society. If the proposed puppets to four times before it is returned, the report is recognized as a world heritage kris 2003-proposal was accepted.
"Indonesia should be proud," said Matsuura, who had corrected the way to an official of a keris Indonesia attracted warangkanya it. Although the Japanese, Matsuura more interested in the cultural products from Indonesia. Do not just know.

Anatomy or Ricikan Keris
Kris Anatorni Ricikan also known as kris. The following will be described anatorni dagger one by one:
A. Ron Dha, the ornaments on the letter Dha Java.
2. Sraweyan, namely plain sogogwi modestly behind, on top of marijuana.
3. Excrescence, shaped like an onion, located in the middle of the bar and on the basis of ga ~ qa.
4. Pejetan, shaped like a former massage thumb located behind gandik.
5. Lambe Elephant, its shape resembles an elephant's lips. There are double and Ietaknya gandik attached.
6. Gandik, thickening slightly rounded shape of the elongated and located at the top end of the sirah lizards or marijuana.
7. Bean flowers, resembling an elephant's trunk and is located in the upper gandik.
8. Jalen, resembling a rooster spurs attached to the gandik.
9. Greneng, namely Java Dha-shaped ornament () in a row.
10. Tikel eyebrows, located above rnirip pejetan and shape eyebrows.
11. Occasions, the form of bribes lingir between the two.
12. Front bribe, shape the plot and is a continuation of pejetan.
13. Bribe back, form grooves located on the back.
14. Pudhak sategal, which form a pair of sharpened blades that come out of the left and right.
15. Poyuhan, form a thickened at the end of the bribe.
16. Landep, namely the sharp keris.
17. Gusen, located at the be! EUIS Landep, elongated shape of the sor-soran to shoot.
18. Milir sugar, which rises in the form of gusen and kruwingan.
19. Kruwingan, terietak terrain on the left and right-adha adha.
20. -Adha adha, thickening in the middle of the bar from the bottom up sampal.

Symbolic power of Keris is located on the "prestige"
Keris can not be separated by Javanese civilization. In view of the Java community, a dagger or a suspect is one of the cultural heritage of completeness. Symbolic power of the keris is believed to lie in the prestige of the Java community, which is a mixture of iron meteor keris. This type of material it contains elements of iron and nickel.
"Prestige is derived from the object space. In between iron fame is the famous' prestige Prambanan." It is so called because the meteors are falling in the area around the year 1784 Prambanan in the reign of His Majesty Paku Buwana III in Surakarta, "said Professor of the University of Gadjah Mada ( UGM) Prof Dr Timbul Haryono MSc in his inaugural speech before the Senate Open Meeting UGM, Saturday (27/4). Lecturer Department of Archaeology Faculty of Humanities and Graduate UGM was carrying a speech titled "Metal Man and Civilization in Historical Perspective-archaeologist".
Said to arise, the prestige is still stored in Surakarta Palace and named Kiai prestige. Laboratory studies of meteorites that indicates the content of elemental iron is 94.5 percent and 5 percent nickel. Another type of stone the prestige that came from the prestige Luwu Luwu, South Sulawesi. Based on the material of keris, kris-making process in symbolic Javanese civilization synonymous with the concept of unity "akasa father-motherland". Ferrous materials obtained from the Earth (Mother Earth) and material prestige is meteor falls from the sky (akasa father). Both were later incorporated into a weapon dagger
MEANING DESIGN KERIS
HOME GENI is one of the popular dagger kitchen and many have known for matching a name with a heritage of Arjuna. Geni meaningful return Hundred or Incense or Frankincense well. That human life should strive to have a name fragrant with good behavior, love and mutual help fill his life with things or activities that are beneficial to the nation. With a well-behaved and always produces something useful for many people, certainly his name will always be remembered even if the person is already dead. Therefore, Geni Return Keris kitchen is generally a lot owned by the heroes or warriors.
Deer deer SOKA meaning of grieving. That human life will always be Duka, but humans are reminded not to be too late in the grief they experienced. Life still goes on and should continue to be passed to the spirit of life. Keris is indeed characterized as working on tough Majapahit keris. But look on the application of prestige as well as iron, do not get categorized as a dagger made at the time of Majapahit. Therefore, it is said to be in pengistilahan keris or kris Putran expected Yasan made at the time of Mataram. Nuts and development of this kind is generally referred Pogog Ngirung Buto.
BELT intensity, is one of the kitchen and the dagger which symbolizes prosperity or luxury. From the aspect of philosophy, kitchen Inten Belt symbolizes the grandeur and luxury that is owned by the capitalists, entrepreneurs or traders in antiquity. Inten kris belt has become famous, but because of his legend, as well as the highly popular kungfu Sasra titled Dragon Belt Belt Inten essay written by SH Inten Mintardja in the 1970s.
NAGA is one of the names SASRA Kitchen with Gandik Keris Luk 13 Dragon-shaped head that his body stretched to nearly the top follow up to the bar. One of the most famous kitchen Keris although rarely encountered a dragon dagger Sasra old Tangguh. Generally Kris Naga kitchen Sasra kinatah decorated with gold so beautiful and her performance seemed more authoritative. Kris has a style like most kris Mataram Senopaten the form of lean like a dagger blade Majapahit, but the iron and the application of prestige and style of the show features wadidhangnya Senopaten Mataram. Seemed to come from the end of the Majapahit era or it could be the beginning of Senopaten Mataram era (late 15th century until
early 16th century). Kris is used to have a kinatah Kamarogan due course of time, eventually lost the gold kinatah peeling. But overall, especially the bar can still be said to be intact. Kitchen Keris Naga means serpent whose numbers Sasra thousand (a thousand) and is also known as kitchen scales Sewu dagger. In Javanese culture, the dragon is like a guard. Therefore many of us met at the door of a temple or other ornaments are made in antiquity. In addition to guards, Naga is also likened to having a higher authority. Therefore, by Kris Naga Sasra kitchen has a higher value than the other dagger.
SENGKELAT, is one of the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era (around the beginning of the 17th century). Keris is Sengkelat kitchen. Pamor of the keris is very tight, dense and smooth. Blade width is wider than the Majapahit keris, but more slender than the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era in general. Blade length 38 cm, which means longer than Kris Sengkelat Sultan Agung of Mataram Tangguh general. Its shape is more rengkol Luk and kris in the era of Sultan Agung in general. Gonjo used is Gonjo Wulung (no prestige) the shape of lizards Sirah and long pointed tail nguceng urang the dead. Peanuts flower Nggelung Puppet. Lambe short Jalennya Elephant more
length of Jalen. Bribes are not too deep with a thin but firm Janur to the base of the blade. Kris Wrangka uses Surakarta style made of Wood Sandalwood.
AFFAIRS stocks, or airborne Rangga meaning something that is used as a Tribute. In the living world, real life and this man has diupetikan to God Almighty. In the sense that human life is actually been earmarked for worship, worship to God Almighty. Human and therefore we must remember that everything we have in this world in fact false and all belongs to God Almighty.
BETHOK Brojol, is a formidable dagger from the Old as well. Keris is generally encountered in such a tough old like Karachi / Singosari or Majapahit. It is said Bethok Brojol because of its short and simple without exception Pijetan crate Ricikan dagger Brojol kitchen.
PUTHUT TWINS, by many called a kris Umphyang layman. When in fact Umphyang is the name of an MPU, not the name of kris kitchen. There are also kitchen Puthut twin dagger blade found in the rajah in the ancient Javanese script is written "Umpyang Jimbe". It is also a new-made dagger, given nothing at all in the history of the keris where The master wrote his name on the label or the keris as a "trade mark" him. This is a mistake that could damage the cultural understanding of the keris. Puthut, in Java terminology meaningful pupil, or people who assist or be a student of a Pandhita / MPU in antiquity. Puthut form is said to originate from the legend of the pupil or students are asked to keep the blade of his inheritance by Pandhita. Also asked to continue to pray and draw closer to the Creator. Uses bun in the shape of the head, showing the hair menyanggul customary in antiquity. Face shape, although a faint but still visible guratannya. Some have mentioned that the kitchen Puthut originally created by the MPU Umpyang who live in the era of the early Pajang. But even this still has not been proven scientifically because it is not supported by historical evidence.
Shelf, in a book written in the State Kertagama Majapahit era, mention of Pajang at the time. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify, whether with an iron dagger, but also a characteristic of Majapahit keris can be said resilient Display Display - Majapahit, which means the artificial dagger Display at the end of the Majapahit era (?).
Straight SUMELANG Keris, Javanese significant concerns or worries about something. While Gandring loyalty means loyalty or devotion that is also meaningful. Thus, Sumelang Gandring has meaning as a form of infidelity due to concerns over the change. Kris Ricikan include: gandik plain, bribe one on the front and generally shallow and narrow, and sraweyan and tingil. Some have said that kris dagger kitchen kitchen Sumelang Gandring including rare or uncommon though well known in the keris. (Keris Encyclopedia: 445-446). It is said that one of there heirloom Majapahit kingdom called Kanjeng Kyai
Sumelang Gandring. This heritage is lost from Gedhong Treasure Palace. Then the King commissioned MPa Supo re looking at to find the missing treasures. From this originated the name MPa Pitrang said that nothing is too Supo Mandrangi MPa. (Read: Keris Encyclopedia: 343-345).

UPIH mattress, in Java terminology meaningful mats made of woven leaves to sleep. Termed to show the family or domestic tranquility. Therefore a lot of family heirloom given hereditary Upih mattress in the kitchen. This emphasizes the expectations of family elders to children and grandchildren later able to obtain peace and prosperity in the home life.
While prestige is called MAS tiban Udan. This is because the look of the application of such prestige that is not planned in advance by the MPa. In contrast to most Udan Mas bulatannya colleague who is very neat and orderly, this Tiban Mas Udan bulatannya less regular but still arranged in a 2-1-2 pattern. In the 1930s, is the prestige is the prestige Udan Udan Mas Mas Tiban whose creation is planned by The master (not the prestige of colleagues). This is because the prestige of the co-Mas Udan suspected artificial prestige (co). But yet also a lot of prestige Udan keris mas colleague who is also a trait of antiquity.
By many, a dagger with a prestige Udan Mas considered to have good luck to facilitate owners to get the fortune. With the fortune that was enough, hopefully someone can foster homes and families better and sejahtera.Lar digger said to be the continuation of the title AgeMan Siro which has a meaning that the title or position and rank in the world is only a ageman or clothing. One time would be uninstalled. Therefore, if we have a position / rank or wealth, then we should not cocky and arrogant (Java = Ojo Dumeh).
Do not just because has the power, rank and position or wealth, then we can go around alone as we want without thinking of the interests of others.

Conclusion
In the world there are three groups of keris different views. The first view is growing that:
A. Kris is the result of culture, kagunan, or the arts.
2. Then the second view that has long since developed among the community (Java), it is generally more convinced that the keris is a weapon because the inheritance of magical power or prestige it has.
3. Meanwhile, according to a third view that developed among a very limited, a dagger with a variety of heirloom pemaknaannya and expressed in terms that are only recognizable by the tersebut.Terutama social meanings, historical, philosophical, ethical and religious-mystical.
Of the three views above we know that the keris is a masterpiece that should be preserved. Because when viewed from the lens design, a unique dagger has a very specific range. Evidenced by the naming of each curve is so detailed in every part.

READ MORE - Kris meaning in Javanese Culture

Batik Indonesia History and Philosophy

History of batik in Indonesia is closely linked with the development of the Majapahit empire and the spread of Islam in Java. In some records, the development of batik is mostly done in times of Mataram kingdom, then in the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.
So this batik art in Indonesia has been known since the days of work and continues to evolve to the Majapahit kingdom, the kings of the next. As for starting the spread of this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is all up to the early twentieth century and is known batik new world of unity after the war finished, or about 1920. The connection with the spread of Islam. Many areas in the central Javanese batik are areas Batik students and later became a tool of economic perjaungan by the leaders of Muslim merchants against the Dutch economy.
Batik art is art image on the cloth for clothing that was one of cultural keluaga Indonesia kings of old. Batik initially worked in the palace alone are limited and the results for the king's clothing and family and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was brought by the palace and carried them out in place of each.
Old-old art of batik was imitated by the people nearest and further extends into the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothes that used only the royal family, became a popular folk clothing, both women and men. White fabric that is used when it is the result of homespun.
Coloring materials are being used consist of native plants Indonesia made itself among others of: noni tree, tall, Soga, indigo, and the material made from soda ash soda, and salt made from tanahlumpur.
MajapahitBatik has become a culture in which the royal Majahit, pat traced in Mojokerto and Tulung Court. Mojoketo is closely associated with the Majapahit kingdom during the first and the origin of the name has something to do with the Majapahit Majokerto. Relation to the development of batik Tulung Majapahit Agung is grown in the development of batik history of this area, can be extracted from the relics at the time of the Majapahit empire. At that time the most Tulungagung area consists of wetlands in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area ruled by a Duke benama Kalang, and would not submit to the kingdom of Majapahit.
Told that the police action launched by Majapahati, Duke Kalang supposedly killed in the fighting around the village which is now reportedly named Kalangbret. Thus the army officers and families, Majapahit kingdom settled and lived in the region that is now named Bonorowo or Tulungagung, among others, also carry original art of batik making.
Local batik is now in Mojokerto contained in Kwali, Kirkcaldy, Betero and Sidomulyo. Outside of the district is in Jombang Mojokerto. In the late nineteenth century there are some people who are known batik in Mojokerto, the materials used at that time a white cloth woven by himself and the drugs of soga jambal batik, noni, indigo tom, height and so on.
Foreign drugs known as post-war new world of unity which are sold by Chinese traders in Mojokerto. Batik is known along with the influx of drugs from abroad batik. Cap made in Bangil and batik entrepreneurs can afford market Mojokerto Porong Sidoarjo, Porong market before the economic crisis the world is known as a bustling market, where the results of production and Jetis Kedungcangkring Sidoarjo batik are sold. Time of economic crisis, entrepreneurs crippled batik Mojoketo participate, because most of the entrepreneurs of small businesses. Batik activities after the crisis comes back to Japan to Indonesia, and the Japanese occupation of batik activities paralyzed again. Batik activities appear again after the revolution which has become the occupation Mojokerto.
Characteristic of batik Kalangbret of Mojokerto is similar to batik batik-output Yogyakarta, which is basically white and color coraknya brown and dark blue. Known since more than a century ago where batik village Majan and Simo. The village also has a history as a relic of the days of the war Diponegoro 1825.
Although known since ancient batik Majapahait but the development of batik began to spread rapidly since the area of ​​Central Java, Surakarta and Yogyakata, in the era of the kingdom in this area. It appears that the development of batik in Mojokerto and subsequent Supreme Tulung more dipenagruhi style batik Solo and Yogyakarta.
In the wake of clash between the Dutch colonial army with troops of Prince Diponegoro then most of the troops withdrew Kyai Mojo towards the east and up to now called Majan. Ever since Dutch colonial times until the time of independence Majan rural village status Merdikan (Special Region), and the village head was a chaplain whose status Uirun-temurun.Pembuatan batik is an instinct Majan (relics) of the art of making batik Diponegoro wartime.
Majan babaran batik colors and Simo is unique because of the color red babarannya light (from the bark of Morinda citrifolia) and other colors of the tom. As batik Setra since time immemorial the village area is also famous Sembung, batik entrepreneurs who are mostly from Tulungagung Sala came in the late nineteenth century. Only now there are still some families who settled batik from Sala Sembung area. Apart from places where there is also a local batik proficiency level in Psychology and also a couple in Karachi, but the nature of most batik handicrafts and batik babarannya.
Age Spread of IslamHistory of batik in the areas of East Java is in Roxburgh, whose story is related to the spread of Islam in this area. Batik history. Mentioned problem areas Ponorogo batik art is closely connected with the development of Islamic religion and the kingdoms first. That said, in Batoro Katong area, there is a descendant of the Majapahit empire whose name is the younger brother of Prince Raden Katong Broken. Batoro Katong is what brought Islam to the existing petilasan Ponorogo and now is a mosque area Patihan Wetan.
Selanjutanya developments, at Roxburgh, in the area there is a boarding school Tegalsari Kyai Hasan Basri who cared or known as the Great Tegalsari Kyai. Tegalsari boarding is in addition to teaching the religion of Islam also teaches administrative sciences, sciences and literature of war. A famous disciple of the field of literature is Tegalsari Ronggowarsito Raden. Kyai Hasan Basri was taken into the king's daughter by Kraton Solo.
Batik art at that time confined within the palace. Therefore Solo royal daughter became the wife Kyai Hasan Basri then brought into Tegalsari and followed by a retinue. besides that there are many Solo royal family dipesantren this study. This event is brought out of the palace of art bafik towards Roxburgh. Young people who are educated in this Tegalsari when it came out, the community will donate dharma batik in areas kepamongan and religion.
Long batik areas that we can see now is the area that is Kepatihan Wetan Kauman now and from here spread to the villages Ronowijoyo, Mangunsuman, Kertosari, Setono, Cokromenggalan, Duchy, Nologaten, Bangunsari, Cekok, Banyudono and Ngunut. At that time the drugs used in batik is made in our own country of such timber; tom trees, noni, tall timber. While homemade kainputihnyajugamemakai materials from woven carrying. Bam white cloth known in Indonesia import about the end of the 19th century.
Batik-making in the new Roxburgh known after the first world war brought on by a Chinaman named Kwee Seng of Banyumas. Roxburgh area beginning of the 20th century in the famous batik indigo coloring that does not fade and that's why entrepreneurs Solo batik from Banyumas and give employment to many businessmen in Ponorogo batik. Due to the production of batik known Ponorogo after World War until the outbreak of the First Instance of the second world war famous for his rough batik batik blue mori. Market batik rough Roxburgh then famous throughout Indonesia.
Batik Solo and YogyakartaOf work-in Solo and Yogyakarta royal environs 17.18 and 19 century, batik and widespread, especially in Java. Batik was originally just a hobby of the royal family on the passing ornate clothing. But subsequent developments, the batik pleh perdagamgan developed into a commodity.
Solo Batik is famous for its traditional batik patterns and patterns in the cap and the batik he wrote. The materials used for staining was still a lot of use of domestic materials such as Soga Java is already known since the first. The pattern remains, among others, famous for "Sidomukti" and "Sidoluruh".
While the origins of batik area since the kingdom of Mataram Yogyakarta is known to any-I with a Panembahan Senopati raj. The first area is the village Plered batik. Batik at the time confined within the royal family environment is done by the women helpers queen. From here batik extends to the first trap on the other the wife of the royal family of courtiers and soldiers. At the official ceremony of the royal family royal men and women wear clothes with batik kombonasi and striated. Because of this kingdom had a visit from the people and the people attracted to the clothes worn by the royal family and imitated by the people and eventually spread out batik out of the palace walls.
Due to the time of the ancient war between the kings of the family and the Dutch colonial past, many families are displaced and the king settled in areas such as the new Banyumas, Pekalongan, and stricken East Roxburgh, Tulungagung and sebagainy a. Meluasny a local batik to the stricken areas, according to the historical development of Indonesian struggle beginning of the 18th century. Families who fled the palace is that developed all over the island of Java that existing and developing new areas of nature and according to it.
Diponegoro war against the Netherlands, urged the prince and his family and his followers had to leave the kingdom. They then spread to the East and West. Then in the new areas that the family and followers of Prince Diponegoro develop batik.
East to Solo and Yogyakarta batik batik patterns that have been perfected in Mojokerto and Tulung Court. It also spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Westward batik being evolved in Banyumas, Pekalongan, Tegal, Cirebon.
Batik developments in other citiesDevelopments in Banyumas batik Sokaraja centered in the area carried by the followers of Prince Diponegero after selesa-Inya war in 1830, their most-ap menet Banyumas area. His followers were known at the time was Najendra and he developed a batik dyed in Sokaraja. Materials used mori homespun results and color additives used drugs tom trees, trees and Noni pace that gives the red color of yellow artificiality.
Eventually the people Sokaraja batik spread and by the end of the nineteenth century is directly related to batik Solo and Roxburgh area. Local batik in Banyumas been known since before the motifs and colors in particular and is now called batik Banyumas. After World War unity of batik from China also done by batik materials in addition to their trade. .
Similarly, the batik in Pekalongan. Diponegoro followers who settled in this area and develop business sekitara batik in coastal areas, namely in areas other than their own Pekalongan, batik grew rapidly in Buawaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo. The existence of batik in these areas almost simultaneously with other areas of batik is about nineteenth century. Developments in areas outside of batik from Yogyakarta and Solo apart closely related to the development history of the kingdom of Yogyakarta and Solo.
Widespread batik out of the palace after the end of the war Diponegoro and the number of the royal family who had moved out of stricken areas of Yogyakarta and Solo for not kejasama with the colonial government. The royal family took his followers stricken on the ground that new and batik continued and then into work for a living.
Batik patterns in this new area as well adapted to the circumstances surrounding area. Pekalongan especially viewed from the process and designya much influenced by the batik of Demak. Until the early twentieth century the process of batik is batik known morinya substance made in the country and also some import. After the war new world of unity known batik fabrication and use of foreign medicines made in Germany and the UK.
At the beginning of the 20th century first recognized in Pekajangan is weaving that produces its own spun yarn Stagen and simple. In recent years new known batik is done by people who worked weaving sector. Growth and more rapid development of batik weaving Stagen and never sugar mill workers in Wonopringgo and Tirto companies ran into batik, because wages are higher than the sugar factory.
Tegal batik was known in late nineteenth century and that used a homemade time taken from plants: pace / noni, indigo, timber Soga and homespun fabric. Tegal batik color is the first time and babaran Sogan gray after known indigo plant, and then increased to a red-blue color. Tegal batik market when it was out of the region such as West Java taken by entrepreneurs in their walk and this is according to the developing history of batik in Tasik and Kudat besides other immigrants from the cities of Central Javanese batik.
In the early twentieth century was known mori import and import drugs known as post-war new world of unity. Batik entrepreneurs in Tegal mostly weak in capital and raw materials derived from Pekalongan and with credit and batik are sold in China that provide raw materials such credit. Time of economic crisis Tegal batik batik-go and lethargic new enterprising back around 1934 to the beginning of the second world war. When Japan entered batik activities to die again.
Pila thus the history of batik in Purworejo along with batik in Kebumen is derived from Yogyakarta around the XI century. Batik developments in Purworejo than in Kebumen faster in Kebumen. Production as well as Yogyakarta and other Banyumas.
While in the Bayat, Sub-Klaten Tembayat Kebumen located approximately 21 Km east of Klaten. Bayat area is a village located at the foot of the mountain but the land is arid and minus. These areas include the environment and Klaten Surakarta and the history of batik here is certainly closely related to the history of the former royal palace in Surakarta. The village is now pertilasan Bayat which can be visited by people in certain times of the "tomb of Sunan Bayat" on the mountain Jabarkat. So Bayat batik village has existed since the time of first job. Batik entrepreneurs in Bayat had most of the handicrafts and batik workers in Solo.
While batik in Kebumen is known about the early nineteenth century brought by immigrants from Yogya in order to preach Islam among other things known are: PenghuluNusjaf. He is that developed in Kebumen and batik place was first settled east Lukolo time now and there are also relics of the mosque for his efforts. Kebumen first batik process called teng-brother or Blambangan and then the final process is done in Banyumas / Solo. Around the early twentieth century to create pattern used turmeric capnya made of wood. Kebumen motifs: trees, birds. Other materials used are trees pace, and indigo kemudu tom.
Use of drugs imported in Kebumen known around the year 1920 which was introduced by the employees of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, which finally left homemade ingredients, as it saves time. The use of copper cap is known about the year 1930 brought by Purnomo of Yogyakarta. Kebumen local batik in the village: Watugarut, Tanurekso a lot and there are several other villages.
Judging by the relics which are now, and the stories passed down through generations of the past, then the estimated area known since ancient batik Tasikmalaya "Tarumanagara" where the relics of the existing number of trees is obtained there are useful Tarum un-tuk batik-making time . Heritage village which still exists today it is the crude batik: batik Wurug known for their industriousness, Sukapura, Mangunraja, Maronjaya and Tasikmalaya city.
Formerly the center of government and the crowd is famous Sukapura village, which lies just off the town Indihiang Tasikmalaya now. Approximately the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of XVIII century a result of the war between the kingdom in Central Java, then a lot of people in that area: Tegal, Pekalongan, Ba-nyumas and Holy stricken wander west and settled in Kudat and Tasikmalaya. Most of them are local batik entrepreneurs and headed towards the West while trade batik. With the arrival of new residents, both wearing pembutan next dikenallah Soga who came from Central Java. Tasikmalaya batik production now is a mixture of batik, batik from Pekalongan, Tegal, Banyumas, Ghost of various patterns and colors.
Batik is known in Kudat about nineteenth century after the completion of Diponegoro war, where followers are leaving Yogyakarta Diponegoro lot, head south. Some have a settled area Banyumas and some have continued their journey to the south and settled in Kudat and Tasikmalaya now. They are gone down with keluargany a new place and settling into the population and continue to live and work procedures. Some of them were skilled in the craft of batik as domestic work for women. Eventually, this work could be developed on the surrounding residents due to daily life or family relationships. The materials used for weaving your own fabric and paint materials made from trees such as noni, tom tree, and so forth.
Kudat motif result is a mix of Central Javanese batik and its own regional influence especially Garutan motifs and colors. Until the early twentieth century batik in Kudat growing little by little, of their own needs into the production market. 're In the area there kaintannya Cirebon batik with aerah kingdoms, namely Kanoman, Kasepuahn and Keprabonan. The main source of batik Cirebon, the case is the same as those in Yogyakarta and Solo. Batik appears the palace, and carried out by the courtiers who reside outside the palace. Ancient kings delighted with the paintings and before the cotton is known, the painting was placed on the palm leaves. It happened around the XIII century. It has something to do with batik motifs on the fabric. Characteristic of most of batik Cirebonan motivated images of forests and wildlife symbol. While the motive for marine natural dipengaruhioleh Chinese thought, which was once the imperial Cirebon edit Chinese princess. Sementra Cirebonan batik depicting eagles as influenced by Yogya and Solo batik motif.
+ Batik in JakartaBatik in Jakarta known and growing together with other areas of batik that is approximately the end of the nineteenth century. Batik was brought by immigrants from Central Java and they live mostly in the regions of batik. Known in the local batik spread near Tanah Abang Jakarta, namely: Rubber, Dam Ilir and Udik, Kebayoran Lama, and the Mampang Prapatan and Tevet.
Jakarta since pre-war world of unity has become a center of trade between Indonesia and the harbor area is now the Fish Market. After the war the world of unity is complete, wherein the cap has become a popular batik, batik production increases and batik traders looking for new marketing area. Regional market for textiles and batik in Jakarta which is famous for: Tanah Abang, Jatinegara and Jakarta Kota, the Tanah Abang Market is the largest since the past until now. Batik batik-producing area of ​​Solo, Yogya, Banyumas, Roxburgh, Tulungagung, Pekalongan, Tasikmalaya, Ciamis and Cirebon as well as other regions, meeting in Tanah Abang Market and from there sent new-stricken areas outside Java. Batik traders is that many Chinese and Arab nations, Indonesia and a small bit.
Because most of the marketing center of batik in Tanah Abang Jakarta in particular, as well as raw materials are traded on the same batik, then the thought of batik traders to open a batik company in Jakarta and its place is adjacent to the Tanah Abang. Batik entrepreneurs emerging postwar world of unity, composed of Chinese nation, and laborers were imported from batik batik areas Pekalongan, Yogyakarta, Solo and others. Apart from batik workers outside Jakarta, then take the local forces are surrounding the area of ​​batik as a maid. Next, look at the development of batik is bringing new jobs, the native of the area also opens the batik firms. Jakarta batik motifs and process according to the origin of imported workers, namely: Pekalongan, Yogyakarta, Solo and Banyumas.
Batik raw materials used are the result of homespun and medicines from the herbs themselves noni wood materials, pace, turmeric and so on. Jakarta before the war the famous batik with batik batik roughly the same color as the Banyumas. Pre-war world of unity cambric raw materials are well known and marketing their products in the market and the area around Tanah Abang Jakarta.
Outside of batik in JavaFrom Jakarta, the objectives of merchants outside of Java, the batik later developed throughout the major cities in Indonesia that are outside of Java, West Sumatra, for example, especially the Padang region, is an area far from the center of batik-town Java town, but batik can develop this area.
West Sumatra including batik consumer area since pre-war world of unity, especially batik, batik production Pekalongan (saaingnya) and Solo and Yogya. In West Sumatra, which was first developed weaving industry in the hands of the famous "Silungkang weaving" and "weaving plekat". Batik began to flourish in Padang after the Japanese occupation, which since the breakup between Sumatra and Java when the Japanese occupation, the batik supplies that exist on batik merchants and consumers is up to batik for everyday wear them. Plus after the independence of Indonesia, where the relationship between the two islands grew difficult, due to the blockades the Netherlands, the merchants of the usual batik ties with the island of Java to find a way to make your own batik.
With the work itself and a careful study, from batik, batik is made in Java, then ditirulah making patterns and ditrapkan on wood as a cap. The drugs used are also the result of batik is made from plants such as noni, turmeric, Gambier, resin and so on. White cloth and white cloth taken from the former and the hand loom. Appears that the company's first batik Sampan area Pariaman District in 1946 include: Bagindo Idris, Sidi Ali, Sidi Zakaria, Sutan Salim, Sutan Sjamsudin Payakumbuh in 1948 and in Br. Waslim (Pekalongan origin) and Sutan Razab. After the Padang and other cities into areas occupied in 1949, many traders open perusahaan-perusahaan/bengkel batik batik material obtained from Singapore via the port of Padang and Pakanbaru. But this batik traders after an open relationship with the island of Java, go back and perusahaanny a trade off.
Color of batik Padang mostly black, purple and yellow and red pattern Banyumasan, Indramajunan, Solo and Yogya. Padang is now advanced batik production anymore but still far from the productions of the island of Java. Now have the tools to stamp made of copper and production mostly glove.

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