Keris is a type of weapon used short-Malay nationalism since more than 600 years ago. This
weapon is unique in the world can be found in the Malay and Malay
population of the region such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore,
southern Thailand, southern Philippines (Mindanao), and Brunei.
Kris is used to defend yourself (for example, when strive) and as a means of greatness kings. This weapon is also a symbol of the sovereignty of the Malays. The most famous keris Taming Sari keris is a weapon that Hang Tuah, a Malay hero of the famous.
Kris comes from the islands of Java and ancient dagger has been used between the 9th century and the 14th century. This weapon Courant terbahagi to three, namely the eyes, upper and gloves. Keris is often associated with mystical power by the Malays in ancient times. Among others, there is a belief that bahawa dagger has its own spirit.
According to the practice of traditional Malay kris needs to be maintained by diperasapkan at certain times, eg Friday night. There are also deeds mengasamlimaukan keris as a way to keep the metal dagger and also to increase the venom. There is a saying that states: "The award depends on a person because of fashion." Perhaps the saying was born out of view of a psychologist who based on neatness, cleanliness of the clothing worn one that shows the character or characters that exist in people itu.Di Central Java community in general to a specific event, such as the marriage ceremony, were the men should jangkep dressed Jawi (Javanese costume complete).
And obligations that must be adhered to mainly by the groom, which must use / wear the wedding dress berkain Javanese batik style, wedding dress, headgear (kuluk) and also a keris tucked at the waist. Why should kris? Because Kris was by the community in Java is represented as a symbol of "manliness." And if for some reason sometimes the bridegroom was unable to attend the meeting wedding ceremony, it represented a keris. Keris is a symbol of heritage.
This view is actually originated from the Javanese people's confidence first, that the beginning of the existence of beings on earth or in the world comes from an agrarian philosophy, that of merging elements of men with female elements. In this world, Allah, created the creature in two kinds of sex ie men and women, whether human, animal or plant. The belief in agrarian philosophy is very basic at the Palace of the family environment in Java, such as the Palace Kasunanan Surakarta, Yogyakarta Sultanate, and others. Beliefs of Hinduism's first ever embraced by the community in Java. Then came the belief of the father sky and mother earth / Earth. Which is also close to the confidence in the Java community agrarian philosophy embodied in the form of ceremonial procession on the eve of heritage
a Sura in the Javanese calendar with heirloom seed mengkirabkan Palace consisting of sharp weapons: spears heirloom, a large knife (bendho). The procession pengirab seed heirloom weapons walking around the complex of palaces palaces while focusing the mind, feelings, praise and plead with the Creator of the universe, to obtain protection, happiness, prosperity and spiritual.
The main function of the first heirloom weapon is a tool to defend themselves from enemy attacks, and animals or to kill the enemy. But then a function of sharp weapons such as daggers or spears heirloom heirloom that changed. In peacetime, sometimes people
using a dagger only as a complete outfit of greatness when meeting wedding ceremony. Kris was then decorated with diamonds or diamond on the base of the upstream dagger. Even the sheath is made of sculpted metal in such a beautiful, sparkling gold-plated sebagaikebanggaan wearer. Then, inevitably dagger into a highly valuable commodity business.
Tosan Aji or heirloom weapon that is not only typical Javanese kris and spear only, but almost all regions in Indonesia have a sharp weapon flagship heritage, such as rencong in Aceh, the dagger in Makasar, swords, spears tipped tig (trident), Balinese keris, and other so on.
When Sultan Agung attacked the Duchy of starch with a degree Nglayang Garudha war, Supit Urang, Wukir Jaladri, or Dirada Meta title, the soldiers who accompanied the use of spear guns, whose face was carved images kalacakra. Keris or spear an heirloom seed heirloom that its value not only because it is made of steel elements, iron, nickel, even mixed with elements of rock that fell from the sky meteoroids so sturdy strong, but how to make it along to the accompaniment of a prayer to the Creator of Nature (Allah SWT) with an attempt by the spiritual master. So the spiritual power of the Creator of Nature is also believed to be the magical power or prestige that contain may affect the opponent into a weapon of fear to the wearer's heritage. Once there was an opinion based on scientific tests of the keris and keris was stated that the issue of energy / power of invisible (invisible to the naked eye). What is interesting is the heart dagger used to complete a typical Javanese fashion groom. Kris was decorated with garlands of jasmine roses are worn around the upper rod dagger. Apparently it's not just a decoration, but has meaning to remind people not to have a violent temper, emotional, angry, adigang-adigung-Adiguna, arbitrary and want to own the winning of such character Harya Penangsang.
Relation to Harya Penangsang is currently fighting Harya Penangsang Sutawijaya, because Penangsang angry, emotional, could not help myself, belly pierced by a spear Kyai Plered dihujamkan by Sutawijaya. Intestines torn out of his stomach. In a state full of vindictive anger that has been in pain Penangsang draping it into the upper intestines dagger at his waist. He continued to attack his enemies. At one point Penangsang would stab his opponent with a dagger Kyai Satan Kober at the waist, so unsheathed dagger, dagger eyes gut interrupted by inheritance. Penangsang died in the devastating war that claimed many victims. That's the idea of the event with a decorative dagger bridal roses and jasmine garlands.
Tosan aji or heirloom weapons such as spears, dagger and others that can cause a sense of tremendous courage to the owner or carrier. People refer to it as piyandel, confidence booster, even keris or spear inheritance given by the King of the nobleman's palace compound containing the confidence of the King of the leading nobles. But when the king's confidence was undermined by the bad behavior of the duke who was given the kris, the keris that provision will be withdrawn / requested again by the king.
Dagger with sheath relations in particular by the Java community as defined by the philosophy of intimate relationships, living together to achieve harmony in the world. Thus was born the philosophy of "servant manunggaling - Gusti", union of man with his king, united with the Creator perfect man, united with the leaders of the people, so life is always secure peace, peaceful, happy, healthy and prosperous. In addition to mutual respect for one another with each one also should know better than to work in accordance with the portions and their respective functions correctly. However, the deep meaning of tosan aji as works of art of national culture that contains the various aspects in the life of the Java community in general, progress is now threatened because of its cultural aspects of technology as a friend rather than less desirable aspects of the legend and magical.
From Age to Age masters
Two masters of the meaning of the term, can mean the first such honor as the professor or the professor Panuluh Sedah. The second meaning is the 'Expert' in the making 'Keris'. On this occasion, the professor that we're talking about is someone who is expert in making kris. With tercatatatnya various names 'keris' there must have been made. First of all there is to know the stage times terlahirnya 'keris' it, then examine the materials keris and keris-making system characteristics. Science for the sake of it called 'Tough'. With a strong science, we can recognize the names of the master and his work in the form of keyed-keyed keris, swords, spears, and others. The age distribution of the stages are as follows:
A. Ancient (Budho) in 125 AD - 1125 AD
include the kingdoms: Purwacarita, Medang Siwanda, Medang Kamulan, writing, Gilingwesi, Mamenang, grinders Wiraradya, Kahuripan and Kediri.
2. Madyo Ancient (Ancient Middle) in 1126 AD - 1250 AD
Covering the kingdoms: Jenggala, Kediri, Pajajaran and Cirebon.
3. Middle elderly (Old Middle Ages) in 1251 AD - 1459 AD
Includes royals: Jenggala, Kediri, Tuban, Madura, Majapahit and Blambangan.
4. Middle (Mid) in 1460 AD - 1613 AD
Includes royals: Demak, Pajang, Madison, and Mataram
5. Nom (Young) in 1614 AD To date
Includes royals: Kartasura and Surakarta.
We have put forward the time of the Kingdom of the stages that have a direct relationship with the stage of the keris time, so at any time of the kingdom would be some people whose job is to create a grandparent dagger.
Kerisses creation master it every era has its own unique characteristics. So that the enumerators were not confused heirloom. Characteristic lies in terms of working on and the quality of the iron. Quality of iron is the most prominent characteristic, according to the level of iron treatment system at the time, also the use of 'prestige' that has stages as well. Prestige of the material originally used stones 'meteor or meteorite' which was destroyed by pounding it up like flour and then we recognize a kind of iron titanium white color like silver, titanium metal is also used as an ingredient of prestige. Titanium has a strong character and can not rust, so nice
for prestige materials. In accordance with its origin at the fame is called Prambanan Prambanan prestige. Prambanan dagger with it is certain that the prestige of the keris is included bertangguh Nom. Because of the prestige of discovery material at the time of Prambanan Kartasura Mataram kingdom (1680-1744).
Keris World Recognized
After the puppet in 2003, now turn the keris Indonesia is recognized as one of the world's cultural heritage must be preserved. Recognition of UNESCO in Paris 25 November 2005 was certainly a splash of fresh news in the midst of adversity Indonesia paced lately.
Kris, as well as Kabuki theater of Japan, traditionally India-Ramlila stage which presents the epic Ramayana, Samba from Brazil, from Malay Mak Yong, "Still alive and lived, the tradition continues. Unlike the samurai in Japanese culture that is now dead, "said Director General of Education, Science, and Culture of the United Nations (UNESCO) Koichiro Matsuura, met Compass last week, shortly after UNESCO was presented certificates of recognition to the Vice President Jusuf Kalla in Jakarta.
Actually there are 64 cultural heritage of the proposed countries to be recognized as world heritage by UNESCO this year. However, after going through the judgment of the jury that convened on 20 to 24 November 2005, Princess Basma bint Talal, chairman of the Jordan, only 43 are recognized as an oral cultural heritage and human nonbendawi (intangible cultural heritage of humanity). While masterpiece (masterpieces) which UNESCO recognized in 2001 and 2003, including puppets, number 47. Thus, a total masterpiece that is recognized world cultural heritage 90. "Proclamation for the third time this is the last possibility. The Convention will begin immediately as soon as 30 countries have approved the instruments of ratification and, as he had done 26 previous state, "said Matsuura. Hundreds of thousands of dollars per year is expected to flow in order to preserve the keris Indonesia and also puppet.
"Through this UNESCO award momentum we should reorganize the views of the dagger," said Ir Haryono Haryoguritno, dagger expert who led the research team and field libraries also a discussion over a year since August 2004.
Kris report
Having visited the keris community in Central Java, East Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok, which assisted Waluyo Haryono Wijayatno of fan clubs and citizens Damartaji keris Indonesia from Australia, Gaura Mancacaritadipura, summarized it in a thick report to UNESCO. Also handed over the keris culture film that lasted 10 minutes and 120 minutes. If during this time many print and electronic media often expose "slanted views" associated with poor mystical keris (the patron-patron shamanism), then according to Haryono, Indonesia should now also aware of how the world turned out to appreciate the cultural heritage of the ancestors some opportunities are often excluded by the Indonesian people themselves. "Kris, have often been described in (patron-patron) television, fly, or shining, and closely with the world of shamans," said Waluyo. Or layman, who always connects with the master figure Gandring and dagger tale Ken Arok, who kills with dagger pembikinnya masters ordered. Condemn the master, unfinished real dagger made it will take seven generations of victims, including Ken Arok himself. Kris been seen close to the world of shamanism, while the neighboring country, Singapore, in fact had already been taking pride in their identity as a dagger. Country airlines, Singapore Airlines, Kris Lounge wearing a VIP lounge for passengers at the airport. Or KrisFlyer, a service for those who frequently use the services of the airline. KrisMagazine for their magazines, and selling souvenirs KrisShop for their service on the plane.
Great Work
UNESCO looked keris has tremendous value as a masterpiece of human creation. Besides rooted in cultural traditions and history of the people of Indonesia, the kris is also still serves as the national identity, cultural inspiration, and social role in society. If the proposed puppets to four times before it is returned, the report is recognized as a world heritage kris 2003-proposal was accepted.
"Indonesia should be proud," said Matsuura, who had corrected the way to an official of a keris Indonesia attracted warangkanya it. Although the Japanese, Matsuura more interested in the cultural products from Indonesia. Do not just know.
Anatomy or Ricikan Keris
Kris Anatorni Ricikan also known as kris. The following will be described anatorni dagger one by one:
A. Ron Dha, the ornaments on the letter Dha Java.
2. Sraweyan, namely plain sogogwi modestly behind, on top of marijuana.
3. Excrescence, shaped like an onion, located in the middle of the bar and on the basis of ga ~ qa.
4. Pejetan, shaped like a former massage thumb located behind gandik.
5. Lambe Elephant, its shape resembles an elephant's lips. There are double and Ietaknya gandik attached.
6. Gandik, thickening slightly rounded shape of the elongated and located at the top end of the sirah lizards or marijuana.
7. Bean flowers, resembling an elephant's trunk and is located in the upper gandik.
8. Jalen, resembling a rooster spurs attached to the gandik.
9. Greneng, namely Java Dha-shaped ornament () in a row.
10. Tikel eyebrows, located above rnirip pejetan and shape eyebrows.
11. Occasions, the form of bribes lingir between the two.
12. Front bribe, shape the plot and is a continuation of pejetan.
13. Bribe back, form grooves located on the back.
14. Pudhak sategal, which form a pair of sharpened blades that come out of the left and right.
15. Poyuhan, form a thickened at the end of the bribe.
16. Landep, namely the sharp keris.
17. Gusen, located at the be! EUIS Landep, elongated shape of the sor-soran to shoot.
18. Milir sugar, which rises in the form of gusen and kruwingan.
19. Kruwingan, terietak terrain on the left and right-adha adha.
20. -Adha adha, thickening in the middle of the bar from the bottom up sampal.
Symbolic power of Keris is located on the "prestige"
Keris can not be separated by Javanese civilization. In view of the Java community, a dagger or a suspect is one of the cultural heritage of completeness. Symbolic power of the keris is believed to lie in the prestige of the Java community, which is a mixture of iron meteor keris. This type of material it contains elements of iron and nickel.
"Prestige is derived from the object space. In between iron fame is the famous' prestige Prambanan." It is so called because the meteors are falling in the area around the year 1784 Prambanan in the reign of His Majesty Paku Buwana III in Surakarta, "said Professor of the University of Gadjah Mada ( UGM) Prof Dr Timbul Haryono MSc in his inaugural speech before the Senate Open Meeting UGM, Saturday (27/4). Lecturer Department of Archaeology Faculty of Humanities and Graduate UGM was carrying a speech titled "Metal Man and Civilization in Historical Perspective-archaeologist".
Said to arise, the prestige is still stored in Surakarta Palace and named Kiai prestige. Laboratory studies of meteorites that indicates the content of elemental iron is 94.5 percent and 5 percent nickel. Another type of stone the prestige that came from the prestige Luwu Luwu, South Sulawesi. Based on the material of keris, kris-making process in symbolic Javanese civilization synonymous with the concept of unity "akasa father-motherland". Ferrous materials obtained from the Earth (Mother Earth) and material prestige is meteor falls from the sky (akasa father). Both were later incorporated into a weapon dagger
MEANING DESIGN KERIS
HOME GENI is one of the popular dagger kitchen and many have known for matching a name with a heritage of Arjuna. Geni meaningful return Hundred or Incense or Frankincense well. That human life should strive to have a name fragrant with good behavior, love and mutual help fill his life with things or activities that are beneficial to the nation. With a well-behaved and always produces something useful for many people, certainly his name will always be remembered even if the person is already dead. Therefore, Geni Return Keris kitchen is generally a lot owned by the heroes or warriors.
Deer deer SOKA meaning of grieving. That human life will always be Duka, but humans are reminded not to be too late in the grief they experienced. Life still goes on and should continue to be passed to the spirit of life. Keris is indeed characterized as working on tough Majapahit keris. But look on the application of prestige as well as iron, do not get categorized as a dagger made at the time of Majapahit. Therefore, it is said to be in pengistilahan keris or kris Putran expected Yasan made at the time of Mataram. Nuts and development of this kind is generally referred Pogog Ngirung Buto.
BELT intensity, is one of the kitchen and the dagger which symbolizes prosperity or luxury. From the aspect of philosophy, kitchen Inten Belt symbolizes the grandeur and luxury that is owned by the capitalists, entrepreneurs or traders in antiquity. Inten kris belt has become famous, but because of his legend, as well as the highly popular kungfu Sasra titled Dragon Belt Belt Inten essay written by SH Inten Mintardja in the 1970s.
NAGA is one of the names SASRA Kitchen with Gandik Keris Luk 13 Dragon-shaped head that his body stretched to nearly the top follow up to the bar. One of the most famous kitchen Keris although rarely encountered a dragon dagger Sasra old Tangguh. Generally Kris Naga kitchen Sasra kinatah decorated with gold so beautiful and her performance seemed more authoritative. Kris has a style like most kris Mataram Senopaten the form of lean like a dagger blade Majapahit, but the iron and the application of prestige and style of the show features wadidhangnya Senopaten Mataram. Seemed to come from the end of the Majapahit era or it could be the beginning of Senopaten Mataram era (late 15th century until
early 16th century). Kris is used to have a kinatah Kamarogan due course of time, eventually lost the gold kinatah peeling. But overall, especially the bar can still be said to be intact. Kitchen Keris Naga means serpent whose numbers Sasra thousand (a thousand) and is also known as kitchen scales Sewu dagger. In Javanese culture, the dragon is like a guard. Therefore many of us met at the door of a temple or other ornaments are made in antiquity. In addition to guards, Naga is also likened to having a higher authority. Therefore, by Kris Naga Sasra kitchen has a higher value than the other dagger.
SENGKELAT, is one of the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era (around the beginning of the 17th century). Keris is Sengkelat kitchen. Pamor of the keris is very tight, dense and smooth. Blade width is wider than the Majapahit keris, but more slender than the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era in general. Blade length 38 cm, which means longer than Kris Sengkelat Sultan Agung of Mataram Tangguh general. Its shape is more rengkol Luk and kris in the era of Sultan Agung in general. Gonjo used is Gonjo Wulung (no prestige) the shape of lizards Sirah and long pointed tail nguceng urang the dead. Peanuts flower Nggelung Puppet. Lambe short Jalennya Elephant more
length of Jalen. Bribes are not too deep with a thin but firm Janur to the base of the blade. Kris Wrangka uses Surakarta style made of Wood Sandalwood.
AFFAIRS stocks, or airborne Rangga meaning something that is used as a Tribute. In the living world, real life and this man has diupetikan to God Almighty. In the sense that human life is actually been earmarked for worship, worship to God Almighty. Human and therefore we must remember that everything we have in this world in fact false and all belongs to God Almighty.
BETHOK Brojol, is a formidable dagger from the Old as well. Keris is generally encountered in such a tough old like Karachi / Singosari or Majapahit. It is said Bethok Brojol because of its short and simple without exception Pijetan crate Ricikan dagger Brojol kitchen.
PUTHUT TWINS, by many called a kris Umphyang layman. When in fact Umphyang is the name of an MPU, not the name of kris kitchen. There are also kitchen Puthut twin dagger blade found in the rajah in the ancient Javanese script is written "Umpyang Jimbe". It is also a new-made dagger, given nothing at all in the history of the keris where The master wrote his name on the label or the keris as a "trade mark" him. This is a mistake that could damage the cultural understanding of the keris. Puthut, in Java terminology meaningful pupil, or people who assist or be a student of a Pandhita / MPU in antiquity. Puthut form is said to originate from the legend of the pupil or students are asked to keep the blade of his inheritance by Pandhita. Also asked to continue to pray and draw closer to the Creator. Uses bun in the shape of the head, showing the hair menyanggul customary in antiquity. Face shape, although a faint but still visible guratannya. Some have mentioned that the kitchen Puthut originally created by the MPU Umpyang who live in the era of the early Pajang. But even this still has not been proven scientifically because it is not supported by historical evidence.
Shelf, in a book written in the State Kertagama Majapahit era, mention of Pajang at the time. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify, whether with an iron dagger, but also a characteristic of Majapahit keris can be said resilient Display Display - Majapahit, which means the artificial dagger Display at the end of the Majapahit era (?).
Straight SUMELANG Keris, Javanese significant concerns or worries about something. While Gandring loyalty means loyalty or devotion that is also meaningful. Thus, Sumelang Gandring has meaning as a form of infidelity due to concerns over the change. Kris Ricikan include: gandik plain, bribe one on the front and generally shallow and narrow, and sraweyan and tingil. Some have said that kris dagger kitchen kitchen Sumelang Gandring including rare or uncommon though well known in the keris. (Keris Encyclopedia: 445-446). It is said that one of there heirloom Majapahit kingdom called Kanjeng Kyai
Sumelang Gandring. This heritage is lost from Gedhong Treasure Palace. Then the King commissioned MPa Supo re looking at to find the missing treasures. From this originated the name MPa Pitrang said that nothing is too Supo Mandrangi MPa. (Read: Keris Encyclopedia: 343-345).
UPIH mattress, in Java terminology meaningful mats made of woven leaves to sleep. Termed to show the family or domestic tranquility. Therefore a lot of family heirloom given hereditary Upih mattress in the kitchen. This emphasizes the expectations of family elders to children and grandchildren later able to obtain peace and prosperity in the home life.
While prestige is called MAS tiban Udan. This is because the look of the application of such prestige that is not planned in advance by the MPa. In contrast to most Udan Mas bulatannya colleague who is very neat and orderly, this Tiban Mas Udan bulatannya less regular but still arranged in a 2-1-2 pattern. In the 1930s, is the prestige is the prestige Udan Udan Mas Mas Tiban whose creation is planned by The master (not the prestige of colleagues). This is because the prestige of the co-Mas Udan suspected artificial prestige (co). But yet also a lot of prestige Udan keris mas colleague who is also a trait of antiquity.
By many, a dagger with a prestige Udan Mas considered to have good luck to facilitate owners to get the fortune. With the fortune that was enough, hopefully someone can foster homes and families better and sejahtera.Lar digger said to be the continuation of the title AgeMan Siro which has a meaning that the title or position and rank in the world is only a ageman or clothing. One time would be uninstalled. Therefore, if we have a position / rank or wealth, then we should not cocky and arrogant (Java = Ojo Dumeh).
Do not just because has the power, rank and position or wealth, then we can go around alone as we want without thinking of the interests of others.
Conclusion
In the world there are three groups of keris different views. The first view is growing that:
A. Kris is the result of culture, kagunan, or the arts.
2. Then the second view that has long since developed among the community (Java), it is generally more convinced that the keris is a weapon because the inheritance of magical power or prestige it has.
3. Meanwhile, according to a third view that developed among a very limited, a dagger with a variety of heirloom pemaknaannya and expressed in terms that are only recognizable by the tersebut.Terutama social meanings, historical, philosophical, ethical and religious-mystical.
Of the three views above we know that the keris is a masterpiece that should be preserved. Because when viewed from the lens design, a unique dagger has a very specific range. Evidenced by the naming of each curve is so detailed in every part.
Kris is used to defend yourself (for example, when strive) and as a means of greatness kings. This weapon is also a symbol of the sovereignty of the Malays. The most famous keris Taming Sari keris is a weapon that Hang Tuah, a Malay hero of the famous.
Kris comes from the islands of Java and ancient dagger has been used between the 9th century and the 14th century. This weapon Courant terbahagi to three, namely the eyes, upper and gloves. Keris is often associated with mystical power by the Malays in ancient times. Among others, there is a belief that bahawa dagger has its own spirit.
According to the practice of traditional Malay kris needs to be maintained by diperasapkan at certain times, eg Friday night. There are also deeds mengasamlimaukan keris as a way to keep the metal dagger and also to increase the venom. There is a saying that states: "The award depends on a person because of fashion." Perhaps the saying was born out of view of a psychologist who based on neatness, cleanliness of the clothing worn one that shows the character or characters that exist in people itu.Di Central Java community in general to a specific event, such as the marriage ceremony, were the men should jangkep dressed Jawi (Javanese costume complete).
And obligations that must be adhered to mainly by the groom, which must use / wear the wedding dress berkain Javanese batik style, wedding dress, headgear (kuluk) and also a keris tucked at the waist. Why should kris? Because Kris was by the community in Java is represented as a symbol of "manliness." And if for some reason sometimes the bridegroom was unable to attend the meeting wedding ceremony, it represented a keris. Keris is a symbol of heritage.
This view is actually originated from the Javanese people's confidence first, that the beginning of the existence of beings on earth or in the world comes from an agrarian philosophy, that of merging elements of men with female elements. In this world, Allah, created the creature in two kinds of sex ie men and women, whether human, animal or plant. The belief in agrarian philosophy is very basic at the Palace of the family environment in Java, such as the Palace Kasunanan Surakarta, Yogyakarta Sultanate, and others. Beliefs of Hinduism's first ever embraced by the community in Java. Then came the belief of the father sky and mother earth / Earth. Which is also close to the confidence in the Java community agrarian philosophy embodied in the form of ceremonial procession on the eve of heritage
a Sura in the Javanese calendar with heirloom seed mengkirabkan Palace consisting of sharp weapons: spears heirloom, a large knife (bendho). The procession pengirab seed heirloom weapons walking around the complex of palaces palaces while focusing the mind, feelings, praise and plead with the Creator of the universe, to obtain protection, happiness, prosperity and spiritual.
The main function of the first heirloom weapon is a tool to defend themselves from enemy attacks, and animals or to kill the enemy. But then a function of sharp weapons such as daggers or spears heirloom heirloom that changed. In peacetime, sometimes people
using a dagger only as a complete outfit of greatness when meeting wedding ceremony. Kris was then decorated with diamonds or diamond on the base of the upstream dagger. Even the sheath is made of sculpted metal in such a beautiful, sparkling gold-plated sebagaikebanggaan wearer. Then, inevitably dagger into a highly valuable commodity business.
Tosan Aji or heirloom weapon that is not only typical Javanese kris and spear only, but almost all regions in Indonesia have a sharp weapon flagship heritage, such as rencong in Aceh, the dagger in Makasar, swords, spears tipped tig (trident), Balinese keris, and other so on.
When Sultan Agung attacked the Duchy of starch with a degree Nglayang Garudha war, Supit Urang, Wukir Jaladri, or Dirada Meta title, the soldiers who accompanied the use of spear guns, whose face was carved images kalacakra. Keris or spear an heirloom seed heirloom that its value not only because it is made of steel elements, iron, nickel, even mixed with elements of rock that fell from the sky meteoroids so sturdy strong, but how to make it along to the accompaniment of a prayer to the Creator of Nature (Allah SWT) with an attempt by the spiritual master. So the spiritual power of the Creator of Nature is also believed to be the magical power or prestige that contain may affect the opponent into a weapon of fear to the wearer's heritage. Once there was an opinion based on scientific tests of the keris and keris was stated that the issue of energy / power of invisible (invisible to the naked eye). What is interesting is the heart dagger used to complete a typical Javanese fashion groom. Kris was decorated with garlands of jasmine roses are worn around the upper rod dagger. Apparently it's not just a decoration, but has meaning to remind people not to have a violent temper, emotional, angry, adigang-adigung-Adiguna, arbitrary and want to own the winning of such character Harya Penangsang.
Relation to Harya Penangsang is currently fighting Harya Penangsang Sutawijaya, because Penangsang angry, emotional, could not help myself, belly pierced by a spear Kyai Plered dihujamkan by Sutawijaya. Intestines torn out of his stomach. In a state full of vindictive anger that has been in pain Penangsang draping it into the upper intestines dagger at his waist. He continued to attack his enemies. At one point Penangsang would stab his opponent with a dagger Kyai Satan Kober at the waist, so unsheathed dagger, dagger eyes gut interrupted by inheritance. Penangsang died in the devastating war that claimed many victims. That's the idea of the event with a decorative dagger bridal roses and jasmine garlands.
Tosan aji or heirloom weapons such as spears, dagger and others that can cause a sense of tremendous courage to the owner or carrier. People refer to it as piyandel, confidence booster, even keris or spear inheritance given by the King of the nobleman's palace compound containing the confidence of the King of the leading nobles. But when the king's confidence was undermined by the bad behavior of the duke who was given the kris, the keris that provision will be withdrawn / requested again by the king.
Dagger with sheath relations in particular by the Java community as defined by the philosophy of intimate relationships, living together to achieve harmony in the world. Thus was born the philosophy of "servant manunggaling - Gusti", union of man with his king, united with the Creator perfect man, united with the leaders of the people, so life is always secure peace, peaceful, happy, healthy and prosperous. In addition to mutual respect for one another with each one also should know better than to work in accordance with the portions and their respective functions correctly. However, the deep meaning of tosan aji as works of art of national culture that contains the various aspects in the life of the Java community in general, progress is now threatened because of its cultural aspects of technology as a friend rather than less desirable aspects of the legend and magical.
From Age to Age masters
Two masters of the meaning of the term, can mean the first such honor as the professor or the professor Panuluh Sedah. The second meaning is the 'Expert' in the making 'Keris'. On this occasion, the professor that we're talking about is someone who is expert in making kris. With tercatatatnya various names 'keris' there must have been made. First of all there is to know the stage times terlahirnya 'keris' it, then examine the materials keris and keris-making system characteristics. Science for the sake of it called 'Tough'. With a strong science, we can recognize the names of the master and his work in the form of keyed-keyed keris, swords, spears, and others. The age distribution of the stages are as follows:
A. Ancient (Budho) in 125 AD - 1125 AD
include the kingdoms: Purwacarita, Medang Siwanda, Medang Kamulan, writing, Gilingwesi, Mamenang, grinders Wiraradya, Kahuripan and Kediri.
2. Madyo Ancient (Ancient Middle) in 1126 AD - 1250 AD
Covering the kingdoms: Jenggala, Kediri, Pajajaran and Cirebon.
3. Middle elderly (Old Middle Ages) in 1251 AD - 1459 AD
Includes royals: Jenggala, Kediri, Tuban, Madura, Majapahit and Blambangan.
4. Middle (Mid) in 1460 AD - 1613 AD
Includes royals: Demak, Pajang, Madison, and Mataram
5. Nom (Young) in 1614 AD To date
Includes royals: Kartasura and Surakarta.
We have put forward the time of the Kingdom of the stages that have a direct relationship with the stage of the keris time, so at any time of the kingdom would be some people whose job is to create a grandparent dagger.
Kerisses creation master it every era has its own unique characteristics. So that the enumerators were not confused heirloom. Characteristic lies in terms of working on and the quality of the iron. Quality of iron is the most prominent characteristic, according to the level of iron treatment system at the time, also the use of 'prestige' that has stages as well. Prestige of the material originally used stones 'meteor or meteorite' which was destroyed by pounding it up like flour and then we recognize a kind of iron titanium white color like silver, titanium metal is also used as an ingredient of prestige. Titanium has a strong character and can not rust, so nice
for prestige materials. In accordance with its origin at the fame is called Prambanan Prambanan prestige. Prambanan dagger with it is certain that the prestige of the keris is included bertangguh Nom. Because of the prestige of discovery material at the time of Prambanan Kartasura Mataram kingdom (1680-1744).
Keris World Recognized
After the puppet in 2003, now turn the keris Indonesia is recognized as one of the world's cultural heritage must be preserved. Recognition of UNESCO in Paris 25 November 2005 was certainly a splash of fresh news in the midst of adversity Indonesia paced lately.
Kris, as well as Kabuki theater of Japan, traditionally India-Ramlila stage which presents the epic Ramayana, Samba from Brazil, from Malay Mak Yong, "Still alive and lived, the tradition continues. Unlike the samurai in Japanese culture that is now dead, "said Director General of Education, Science, and Culture of the United Nations (UNESCO) Koichiro Matsuura, met Compass last week, shortly after UNESCO was presented certificates of recognition to the Vice President Jusuf Kalla in Jakarta.
Actually there are 64 cultural heritage of the proposed countries to be recognized as world heritage by UNESCO this year. However, after going through the judgment of the jury that convened on 20 to 24 November 2005, Princess Basma bint Talal, chairman of the Jordan, only 43 are recognized as an oral cultural heritage and human nonbendawi (intangible cultural heritage of humanity). While masterpiece (masterpieces) which UNESCO recognized in 2001 and 2003, including puppets, number 47. Thus, a total masterpiece that is recognized world cultural heritage 90. "Proclamation for the third time this is the last possibility. The Convention will begin immediately as soon as 30 countries have approved the instruments of ratification and, as he had done 26 previous state, "said Matsuura. Hundreds of thousands of dollars per year is expected to flow in order to preserve the keris Indonesia and also puppet.
"Through this UNESCO award momentum we should reorganize the views of the dagger," said Ir Haryono Haryoguritno, dagger expert who led the research team and field libraries also a discussion over a year since August 2004.
Kris report
Having visited the keris community in Central Java, East Java, Madura, Bali, and Lombok, which assisted Waluyo Haryono Wijayatno of fan clubs and citizens Damartaji keris Indonesia from Australia, Gaura Mancacaritadipura, summarized it in a thick report to UNESCO. Also handed over the keris culture film that lasted 10 minutes and 120 minutes. If during this time many print and electronic media often expose "slanted views" associated with poor mystical keris (the patron-patron shamanism), then according to Haryono, Indonesia should now also aware of how the world turned out to appreciate the cultural heritage of the ancestors some opportunities are often excluded by the Indonesian people themselves. "Kris, have often been described in (patron-patron) television, fly, or shining, and closely with the world of shamans," said Waluyo. Or layman, who always connects with the master figure Gandring and dagger tale Ken Arok, who kills with dagger pembikinnya masters ordered. Condemn the master, unfinished real dagger made it will take seven generations of victims, including Ken Arok himself. Kris been seen close to the world of shamanism, while the neighboring country, Singapore, in fact had already been taking pride in their identity as a dagger. Country airlines, Singapore Airlines, Kris Lounge wearing a VIP lounge for passengers at the airport. Or KrisFlyer, a service for those who frequently use the services of the airline. KrisMagazine for their magazines, and selling souvenirs KrisShop for their service on the plane.
Great Work
UNESCO looked keris has tremendous value as a masterpiece of human creation. Besides rooted in cultural traditions and history of the people of Indonesia, the kris is also still serves as the national identity, cultural inspiration, and social role in society. If the proposed puppets to four times before it is returned, the report is recognized as a world heritage kris 2003-proposal was accepted.
"Indonesia should be proud," said Matsuura, who had corrected the way to an official of a keris Indonesia attracted warangkanya it. Although the Japanese, Matsuura more interested in the cultural products from Indonesia. Do not just know.
Anatomy or Ricikan Keris
Kris Anatorni Ricikan also known as kris. The following will be described anatorni dagger one by one:
A. Ron Dha, the ornaments on the letter Dha Java.
2. Sraweyan, namely plain sogogwi modestly behind, on top of marijuana.
3. Excrescence, shaped like an onion, located in the middle of the bar and on the basis of ga ~ qa.
4. Pejetan, shaped like a former massage thumb located behind gandik.
5. Lambe Elephant, its shape resembles an elephant's lips. There are double and Ietaknya gandik attached.
6. Gandik, thickening slightly rounded shape of the elongated and located at the top end of the sirah lizards or marijuana.
7. Bean flowers, resembling an elephant's trunk and is located in the upper gandik.
8. Jalen, resembling a rooster spurs attached to the gandik.
9. Greneng, namely Java Dha-shaped ornament () in a row.
10. Tikel eyebrows, located above rnirip pejetan and shape eyebrows.
11. Occasions, the form of bribes lingir between the two.
12. Front bribe, shape the plot and is a continuation of pejetan.
13. Bribe back, form grooves located on the back.
14. Pudhak sategal, which form a pair of sharpened blades that come out of the left and right.
15. Poyuhan, form a thickened at the end of the bribe.
16. Landep, namely the sharp keris.
17. Gusen, located at the be! EUIS Landep, elongated shape of the sor-soran to shoot.
18. Milir sugar, which rises in the form of gusen and kruwingan.
19. Kruwingan, terietak terrain on the left and right-adha adha.
20. -Adha adha, thickening in the middle of the bar from the bottom up sampal.
Symbolic power of Keris is located on the "prestige"
Keris can not be separated by Javanese civilization. In view of the Java community, a dagger or a suspect is one of the cultural heritage of completeness. Symbolic power of the keris is believed to lie in the prestige of the Java community, which is a mixture of iron meteor keris. This type of material it contains elements of iron and nickel.
"Prestige is derived from the object space. In between iron fame is the famous' prestige Prambanan." It is so called because the meteors are falling in the area around the year 1784 Prambanan in the reign of His Majesty Paku Buwana III in Surakarta, "said Professor of the University of Gadjah Mada ( UGM) Prof Dr Timbul Haryono MSc in his inaugural speech before the Senate Open Meeting UGM, Saturday (27/4). Lecturer Department of Archaeology Faculty of Humanities and Graduate UGM was carrying a speech titled "Metal Man and Civilization in Historical Perspective-archaeologist".
Said to arise, the prestige is still stored in Surakarta Palace and named Kiai prestige. Laboratory studies of meteorites that indicates the content of elemental iron is 94.5 percent and 5 percent nickel. Another type of stone the prestige that came from the prestige Luwu Luwu, South Sulawesi. Based on the material of keris, kris-making process in symbolic Javanese civilization synonymous with the concept of unity "akasa father-motherland". Ferrous materials obtained from the Earth (Mother Earth) and material prestige is meteor falls from the sky (akasa father). Both were later incorporated into a weapon dagger
MEANING DESIGN KERIS
HOME GENI is one of the popular dagger kitchen and many have known for matching a name with a heritage of Arjuna. Geni meaningful return Hundred or Incense or Frankincense well. That human life should strive to have a name fragrant with good behavior, love and mutual help fill his life with things or activities that are beneficial to the nation. With a well-behaved and always produces something useful for many people, certainly his name will always be remembered even if the person is already dead. Therefore, Geni Return Keris kitchen is generally a lot owned by the heroes or warriors.
Deer deer SOKA meaning of grieving. That human life will always be Duka, but humans are reminded not to be too late in the grief they experienced. Life still goes on and should continue to be passed to the spirit of life. Keris is indeed characterized as working on tough Majapahit keris. But look on the application of prestige as well as iron, do not get categorized as a dagger made at the time of Majapahit. Therefore, it is said to be in pengistilahan keris or kris Putran expected Yasan made at the time of Mataram. Nuts and development of this kind is generally referred Pogog Ngirung Buto.
BELT intensity, is one of the kitchen and the dagger which symbolizes prosperity or luxury. From the aspect of philosophy, kitchen Inten Belt symbolizes the grandeur and luxury that is owned by the capitalists, entrepreneurs or traders in antiquity. Inten kris belt has become famous, but because of his legend, as well as the highly popular kungfu Sasra titled Dragon Belt Belt Inten essay written by SH Inten Mintardja in the 1970s.
NAGA is one of the names SASRA Kitchen with Gandik Keris Luk 13 Dragon-shaped head that his body stretched to nearly the top follow up to the bar. One of the most famous kitchen Keris although rarely encountered a dragon dagger Sasra old Tangguh. Generally Kris Naga kitchen Sasra kinatah decorated with gold so beautiful and her performance seemed more authoritative. Kris has a style like most kris Mataram Senopaten the form of lean like a dagger blade Majapahit, but the iron and the application of prestige and style of the show features wadidhangnya Senopaten Mataram. Seemed to come from the end of the Majapahit era or it could be the beginning of Senopaten Mataram era (late 15th century until
early 16th century). Kris is used to have a kinatah Kamarogan due course of time, eventually lost the gold kinatah peeling. But overall, especially the bar can still be said to be intact. Kitchen Keris Naga means serpent whose numbers Sasra thousand (a thousand) and is also known as kitchen scales Sewu dagger. In Javanese culture, the dragon is like a guard. Therefore many of us met at the door of a temple or other ornaments are made in antiquity. In addition to guards, Naga is also likened to having a higher authority. Therefore, by Kris Naga Sasra kitchen has a higher value than the other dagger.
SENGKELAT, is one of the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era (around the beginning of the 17th century). Keris is Sengkelat kitchen. Pamor of the keris is very tight, dense and smooth. Blade width is wider than the Majapahit keris, but more slender than the dagger of Sultan Agung of Mataram era in general. Blade length 38 cm, which means longer than Kris Sengkelat Sultan Agung of Mataram Tangguh general. Its shape is more rengkol Luk and kris in the era of Sultan Agung in general. Gonjo used is Gonjo Wulung (no prestige) the shape of lizards Sirah and long pointed tail nguceng urang the dead. Peanuts flower Nggelung Puppet. Lambe short Jalennya Elephant more
length of Jalen. Bribes are not too deep with a thin but firm Janur to the base of the blade. Kris Wrangka uses Surakarta style made of Wood Sandalwood.
AFFAIRS stocks, or airborne Rangga meaning something that is used as a Tribute. In the living world, real life and this man has diupetikan to God Almighty. In the sense that human life is actually been earmarked for worship, worship to God Almighty. Human and therefore we must remember that everything we have in this world in fact false and all belongs to God Almighty.
BETHOK Brojol, is a formidable dagger from the Old as well. Keris is generally encountered in such a tough old like Karachi / Singosari or Majapahit. It is said Bethok Brojol because of its short and simple without exception Pijetan crate Ricikan dagger Brojol kitchen.
PUTHUT TWINS, by many called a kris Umphyang layman. When in fact Umphyang is the name of an MPU, not the name of kris kitchen. There are also kitchen Puthut twin dagger blade found in the rajah in the ancient Javanese script is written "Umpyang Jimbe". It is also a new-made dagger, given nothing at all in the history of the keris where The master wrote his name on the label or the keris as a "trade mark" him. This is a mistake that could damage the cultural understanding of the keris. Puthut, in Java terminology meaningful pupil, or people who assist or be a student of a Pandhita / MPU in antiquity. Puthut form is said to originate from the legend of the pupil or students are asked to keep the blade of his inheritance by Pandhita. Also asked to continue to pray and draw closer to the Creator. Uses bun in the shape of the head, showing the hair menyanggul customary in antiquity. Face shape, although a faint but still visible guratannya. Some have mentioned that the kitchen Puthut originally created by the MPU Umpyang who live in the era of the early Pajang. But even this still has not been proven scientifically because it is not supported by historical evidence.
Shelf, in a book written in the State Kertagama Majapahit era, mention of Pajang at the time. Therefore, it is very difficult to identify, whether with an iron dagger, but also a characteristic of Majapahit keris can be said resilient Display Display - Majapahit, which means the artificial dagger Display at the end of the Majapahit era (?).
Straight SUMELANG Keris, Javanese significant concerns or worries about something. While Gandring loyalty means loyalty or devotion that is also meaningful. Thus, Sumelang Gandring has meaning as a form of infidelity due to concerns over the change. Kris Ricikan include: gandik plain, bribe one on the front and generally shallow and narrow, and sraweyan and tingil. Some have said that kris dagger kitchen kitchen Sumelang Gandring including rare or uncommon though well known in the keris. (Keris Encyclopedia: 445-446). It is said that one of there heirloom Majapahit kingdom called Kanjeng Kyai
Sumelang Gandring. This heritage is lost from Gedhong Treasure Palace. Then the King commissioned MPa Supo re looking at to find the missing treasures. From this originated the name MPa Pitrang said that nothing is too Supo Mandrangi MPa. (Read: Keris Encyclopedia: 343-345).
UPIH mattress, in Java terminology meaningful mats made of woven leaves to sleep. Termed to show the family or domestic tranquility. Therefore a lot of family heirloom given hereditary Upih mattress in the kitchen. This emphasizes the expectations of family elders to children and grandchildren later able to obtain peace and prosperity in the home life.
While prestige is called MAS tiban Udan. This is because the look of the application of such prestige that is not planned in advance by the MPa. In contrast to most Udan Mas bulatannya colleague who is very neat and orderly, this Tiban Mas Udan bulatannya less regular but still arranged in a 2-1-2 pattern. In the 1930s, is the prestige is the prestige Udan Udan Mas Mas Tiban whose creation is planned by The master (not the prestige of colleagues). This is because the prestige of the co-Mas Udan suspected artificial prestige (co). But yet also a lot of prestige Udan keris mas colleague who is also a trait of antiquity.
By many, a dagger with a prestige Udan Mas considered to have good luck to facilitate owners to get the fortune. With the fortune that was enough, hopefully someone can foster homes and families better and sejahtera.Lar digger said to be the continuation of the title AgeMan Siro which has a meaning that the title or position and rank in the world is only a ageman or clothing. One time would be uninstalled. Therefore, if we have a position / rank or wealth, then we should not cocky and arrogant (Java = Ojo Dumeh).
Do not just because has the power, rank and position or wealth, then we can go around alone as we want without thinking of the interests of others.
Conclusion
In the world there are three groups of keris different views. The first view is growing that:
A. Kris is the result of culture, kagunan, or the arts.
2. Then the second view that has long since developed among the community (Java), it is generally more convinced that the keris is a weapon because the inheritance of magical power or prestige it has.
3. Meanwhile, according to a third view that developed among a very limited, a dagger with a variety of heirloom pemaknaannya and expressed in terms that are only recognizable by the tersebut.Terutama social meanings, historical, philosophical, ethical and religious-mystical.
Of the three views above we know that the keris is a masterpiece that should be preserved. Because when viewed from the lens design, a unique dagger has a very specific range. Evidenced by the naming of each curve is so detailed in every part.